Solutions: Water Treatment

Water and sewage treatment facilities increasingly rely on wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Cellular, IoT, CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service), and GPS to maintain and enhance operational efficiency, monitoring, and control. These technologies facilitate hyper-connectivity and support mission-critical services essential for the safe and effective treatment of water and sewage. However, the integration of these technologies also introduces various wireless risks.

Interference and Jamming

Wi-Fi and Cellular Networks: Unintentional or deliberate interference or jamming of Wi-Fi and cellular signals can disrupt communication between monitoring systems, sensors, and control centers, potentially leading to delays or errors in data transmission.
CBRS: The CBRS spectrum, shared among different users, can be susceptible to interference or deliberate jamming, affecting the reliability of communications.
GPS: GPS jamming or spoofing can affect the accuracy of location-based services, such as the coordination of mobile units or automated systems.

CBRS Attack Surface

Unauthorized Access and Intrusions

Wi-Fi Networks: Unauthorized access to Wi-Fi networks could allow attackers to manipulate or disrupt control systems, monitor sensitive communications, or exfiltrate data.
IoT Devices: Many IoT devices used in water and sewage treatment are not designed with robust security measures, making them vulnerable to unauthorized access, manipulation, or use as a foothold in the broader network.

Wi-Fi Attack Surface

Cybersecurity Attacks

Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks: Attackers can intercept and alter communications between devices and control systems, leading to data manipulation, system disruption, or unauthorized control.
Ransomware and Malware: Wireless networks can serve as entry points for malware and ransomware, potentially leading to system outages, data loss, or manipulation of treatment processes.

Physical Threats to Wireless Infrastructure:

Damage to Infrastructure: Physical damage or sabotage to wireless infrastructure (such as cellular towers or Wi-Fi access points) can disrupt essential communication links, impacting remote monitoring and control capabilities.

Signal Degradation in Harsh Environments

Environmental Factors: Harsh environments (e.g., moisture, chemicals, and physical barriers in treatment facilities) can degrade wireless signals, leading to reduced reliability and potential communication failures.

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Continuous Wireless Monitoring

Real-Time Detection: LOCH’s solution offers continuous monitoring of the wireless airspace to detect unauthorized devices, rogue access points, and interference. This real-time detection capability helps to identify and mitigate threats before they can impact operations.

Threat Assessment and Prioritization

Automated Threat Analysis: The system categorizes and prioritizes detected threats based on their potential impact on the facility’s operations. This enables rapid response to critical threats and minimizes the potential for operational disruptions.

Automated Alerts and Mitigation

Immediate Response Capabilities: Automated alerts and pre-configured response actions (such as quarantining devices or adjusting network configurations) help prevent unauthorized access or interference, maintaining the integrity of mission-critical systems.

Integration with Existing Security Systems

Holistic Security Posture: LOCH’s solution integrates seamlessly with existing security and monitoring systems, providing a holistic security posture that combines physical and wireless airspace monitoring. This integrated approach enhances overall security and situational awareness.

Enhanced Situational Awareness

Visibility Across All Wireless Technologies: By providing comprehensive visibility into all wireless activities (Wi-Fi, Cellular, IoT, CBRS, and GPS), LOCH enhances situational awareness, allowing for proactive identification and mitigation of potential threats.

Adaptive Defense Mechanisms

Dynamic Security Adjustments: The solution uses adaptive algorithms to adjust security measures based on the detected threats and the dynamic environment of a treatment facility, ensuring continuous protection and minimizing the risk of disruption.

Compliance Support and Reporting

Regulatory Compliance Assurance: LOCH’s Wireless Airspace Defense provides detailed logs and reports of all wireless activities and security incidents, aiding in regulatory compliance and facilitating audits.